Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
Decontamination of field equipment has been used by farmers for many years in order to prevent the spread of plant and animal diseases. A greenhouse study evaluated the effects of an electrostatic sprayer, and several disinfectants on their efficacy to inactivate Bacillus subtilis spores. In addition, a field study was conducted with a two stage, decontamination system that evaluated a mobile power washer, five disinfectants, and repeated disinfectant applications on their efficacy to dislodge and inactivate B. subtilis spores. In the first study, EasyDecon@ DF 200 reduced viable spores by a log10 reduction of 1.42. In the second study, power washing effectively dislodged viable spores by nearly 3-fold compared to applying the disinfectants alone. EasyDecon@ DF 200 applied three times and Electro Biocide applied twice resulted in the greatest reduction of viable spores (4.51 log10) when applied after power washing. Two stage decontamination of agricultural equipment is effective for sanitizing most equipment that do not have exposed electronic instruments or sensors. Mobile power washers are economical for small scale sanitization of farm equipment daily.
References
Alphin R, Ciaverelli C, Hougentogler D, Johnson K, Rankin M, Benson E. Postoutbreak Disinfection of Mobile Equipment. Avian Diseases 2010; 54: 772-776. https://doi.org/10.1637/8763-033109-ResNote.1
Guan J, Chan M, Brooks BW, Rohonczy E, Miller LP. Vehicle and Equipment Decontamination During Outbreaks of Notifiable Animal Diseases in Cold Weather. Applied Biosafety 2017; 3: 114-122. https://doi.org/10.1177/1535676017719846
Layman M, Ramsey CL, Freebury P, Newman D, and Newman S. Two Stage Decontamination of Agricultural Equipment Using Power Washing Followed by Disinfectant Treatments. Glob J Agric Innov Res Dev 2018(a); 5: 38-45. https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9813.2018.05.5
Layman M, Ramsey CL, Freebury P, Newman D, Newman S. Decontamination using Chlorine Dioxide Disinfectant with Adjuvants Versus Hydrogen-Peroxide and Pentapotassium Disinfectants on Farm Equipment. Glob J Agric Innov Res Dev 2018(b); 5: 29-37. https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-9813.2018.05.4
Dee S, Deen J, Burns D, Douthit G, Pijoan C. An Evaluation of Disinfectants For the Sanitation of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus-Contaminated Transport Vehicles at Cold Temperatures. Canadian J Vet Res 2004; 68: 208-214
Calfee M, Touati A, Pongur SG, McArthur T, WyrzykowskaCeradini B. Effectiveness of Spray-Based Decontamination Methods for Spores and Viruses on Heavily Soiled Surfaces. 2016. https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm? Lab=NHSRC&TIMSType=&count=10000&dirEntryId=329391 &searchAll=&showCriteria=2&simpleSearch=0
Block S. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia PA 2000; p. 1162.
Law SE, Cooper SC. Air-Assisted Electrostatic Sprays for Postharvest Control of Fruit and Vegetable Spoilage Microorganisms. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2001; 37(6): 1597-1602. https://doi.org/10.1109/28.968166
Lyons SM, Harrison MA, Law SE Electrostatic Application of Antimicrobial Sprays to Sanitize Food Handling and Processing Surfaces for Enhanced Food Safety. 2011; Pages 012014 in Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/301/1/012014
Zhao S, Castle G, Adamiak K. Factors Affecting Deposition in Electrostatic Pesticide Spraying. Journal of Electrostatics 2008; 66(11-12): 594-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2008.06.009
Earl AM, Losick R, Kolter R. Ecology and Genomics of Bacillus subtilis. Trends in Microbiology 2008; 16(6): 269- 275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2008.03.004
Maillard JY. Innate Resistance to Sporicides and Potential Failure to Decontaminate. J Hosp Infect 2011; 77(3): 204- 209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2010.06.028
Russell A. Bacterial Resistance to Disinfectants: Present Knowledge and Future Problems. J Hosp Infect 1999; 43: S57-S68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6701(99)90066-X
Coates W, Palumbo J. Deposition, Off-Target Movement, and Efficacy of Capture and Thioden Applied to Cantaloupes using Five Sprayers. Amer J Ag Eng 1997; 97: 181-188. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.21595
Matthews GA. Electrostatic spraying of pesticides: A review. Crop Prot 1989; 8: 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(89)90093-8
DeQueiroz GA, Day DF. Disinfection of Bacillus subtilis spore‐contaminated surface materials with a sodium hypochlorite and a hydrogen peroxide‐based sanitizer. Letters in Applied Microbiology 2008; 46: 176-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2007.02283.x
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2020 Marissa L. Layman, Craig L. Ramsey, Steve E. Newman