A Comprehensive Review on Third-Generation Photovoltaic Technologies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-983X.2023.10.1Keywords:
Stability, Perovskite cell, Dye-sensitized, Organic solar cells, Third-generation photovoltaicsAbstract
The renewable energy industry has revolutionized due to photovoltaic (PV) technologies, which offer a clean and sustainable alternative to conventional energy sources. Third-generation photovoltaic technologies refer to a group of emerging PV technologies aiming to surpass the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of traditional silicon-based solar cells. Different ceramic materials have also been investigated for use in these advanced PV technologies. This review examines the science, current state, and advancements of third-generation PV systems for wide-scale implementation. The first section of this study provides an overview of the development of PV technologies from the first to the third generation, highlighting the most significant novel developments made at each step. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are discussed here as a few new technologies that constitute the third generation, also known as the next generation of advanced PV. This review presents how these devices can be used in specialized settings, including indoor and low-light environments, thereby expanding the range of energy harvesting potential. The brief history of these emerging technologies, their current status, future developments, and key challenges are discussed in this review paper.
Downloads
References
Hoffert MI, Caldeira K, Jain AK, Haites EF, Harvey LDD, Potter SD, et al. Energy implications of future stabilization of atmospheric CO2 content. Nature. 1998; 395: 881-4. https://doi.org/10.1038/27638 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/27638
Moyez SA, Roy S. Dual-step thermal engineering technique: A new approach for fabrication of efficient CH3NH3PbI3-based perovskite solar cell in open air condition. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells. 2018; 185: 145-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2018.05.027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2018.05.027
Bello S, Urwick A, Bastianini F, Nedoma AJ, Dunbar A. An introduction to perovskites for solar cells and their characterization. Energy Rep. 2022; 8: 89-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.205 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.205
Suresh Kumar N, Chandra Babu Naidu K. A review on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), materials and applications. J Materiomics. 2021; 7: 940-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2021.04.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2021.04.002
Du X, Heumueller T, Gruber W, Classen A, Unruh T, Li N, et al. Efficient polymer solar cells based on non-fullerene acceptors with a potential device lifetime approaching 10 years. Joule. 2019; 3: 215-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.09.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.09.001
Petrus ML, Schlipf J, Li C, Gujar TP, Giesbrecht N, Müller‐Buschbaum P, et al. Capturing the Sun: A review of the challenges and perspectives of perovskite solar cells. Adv Energy Mater. 2017; 7: 1700264. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700264
Ikpesu JE, Iyuke SE, Daramola M, Okewale AO. Synthesis of improved dye-sensitized solar cell for renewable energy power generation. Solar Energy. 2020; 206: 918-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.05.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.05.002
Lee MM, Teuscher J, Miyasaka T, Murakami TN, Snaith HJ. Efficient hybrid solar cells based on meso-super structured organometal halide perovskites. Science. 2012; 338: 643-7. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1228604 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1228604
Roy S, Botte GG. Perovskite solar cell for photocatalytic water splitting with a TiO2/Co-doped hematite electron transport bilayer. RSC Adv. 2018; 8: 5388-94. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA11996H DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA11996H
Maitra S, Pal S, Datta S, Maitra T, Dutta B, Roy S. Nickel doped molybdenum oxide thin film counter electrodes as a low-cost replacement for platinum in dye sensitized solar cells. Mater Today Proc. 2021; 39: 1856-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.531 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.531
Bera S, Saha A, Mondal S, Biswas A, Mallick S, Chatterjee R, et al. Review of defect engineering in perovskites for photovoltaic application. Mater Adv. 2022; 3: 5234-47. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2MA00194B DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D2MA00194B
Saliba M, Tan KW, Sai H, Moore DT, Scott T, Zhang W, et al. Influence of thermal processing protocol upon the crystallization and photovoltaic performance of organic-inorganic lead Trihalide Perovskites. J Phys Chem C. 2014; 118: 17171-7. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp500717w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jp500717w
Tan KW, Moore DT, Saliba M, Sai H, Estroff LA, Hanrath T, et al. Thermally-induced structural evolution and performance of mesoporous block copolymer-directed Alumina Perovskite solar cells. ACS Nano. 2014; 8: 4730-9. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn500526t DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/nn500526t
Imran T, Rauf S, Raza H, Aziz L, Chen R, Liu S, et al. Methylammonium and bromide‐free tin‐based low bandgap perovskite solar cells. Adv Energy Mater. 2022; 12: 2200305. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202200305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202200305
Xing Z, Zang Z, Li H, Ning Z, Wong KS, Chow PCY. Improved structural order and exciton delocalization in high-member quasi-two-dimensional tin halide perovskite revealed by electroabsorption spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett. 2023; 14: 4349-56. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00400
Yu B-B, Wu Y, Wang H, Hu X, Zhang Z, Wang S, et al. High-efficiency tin perovskite solar cells by the dual functions of reduced voltage loss and crystal regulation. Mater Des. 2023; 228: 111850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111850 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111850
Malinkiewicz O, Yella A, Lee YH, Espallargas GM, Graetzel M, Nazeeruddin MK, et al. Perovskite solar cells employing organic charge-transport layers. Nat Photonics. 2014; 8: 128-32. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2013.341 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2013.341
Liu M, Johnston MB, Snaith HJ. Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition. Nature. 2013; 501: 395-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12509 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12509
Docampo P, Ball JM, Darwich M, Eperon GE, Snaith HJ. Efficient organometal trihalide perovskite planar-heterojunction solar cells on flexible polymer substrates. Nat Commun. 2013; 4: Article number: 2761. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3761 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3761
Xiao M, Liu L, Meng Y, Fan B, Su W, Jin C, et al. Approaching 19% efficiency and stable binary polymer solar cells enabled by a solidification strategy of solvent additive. Sci China Chem. 2023; 66: 1500-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-023-1564-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-023-1564-8
Zhou H, Chen Q, Li G, Luo S, Song T, Duan H-S, et al. Interface engineering of highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Science. 2014; 345: 542-6. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254050
Mei D, Qiu L, Chen L, Xie F, Song L, Wang J, et al. Incorporating polyvinyl pyrrolidone in green anti-solvent isopropanol: A facile approach to obtain high efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. Thin Solid Films. 2022; 752: 139196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2022.139196 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2022.139196
Min H, Lee DY, Kim J, Kim G, Lee KS, Kim J, et al. Perovskite solar cells with atomically coherent interlayers on SnO2 electrodes. Nature. 2021; 598: 444-50. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03964-8
Bush KA, Palmstrom AF, Yu ZJ, Boccard M, Cheacharoen R, Mailoa JP, et al. 23.6%-efficient monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with improved stability. Nat Energy. 2017; 2: Article number: 17009. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.9
Liao JH-H. Behind the breakthrough of the ∼30% perovskite solar cell. Joule. 2021; 5: 295-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.01.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.01.008
Patwardhan S, Cao DH, Hatch S, Farha OK, Hupp JT, Kanatzidis MG, et al. Introducing perovskite solar cells to undergraduates. J Phys Chem Lett. 2015; 6: 251-5. https://doi.org/10.1021/jz502648y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jz502648y
Dastoor P, Belcher W. How the west was won? A history of organic photovoltaics. Substantia. 2019; 3: 99-110.
Bernède JC. Organic photovoltaic cells: History, Principle and Techniques. J Chil Chem Soc. 2008; 53: 1549-64. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-97072008000300001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-97072008000300001
Chidichimo G, Filippelli L. Organic solar cells: problems and perspectives. Int J Photoenergy. 2010; 2010: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/123534 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/123534
Mikhnenko O V., Blom PWM, Nguyen T-Q. Exciton diffusion in organic semiconductors. Energy Environ Sci. 2015; 8: 1867-88. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE00925A DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE00925A
Li T, Chen Z, Wang Y, Tu J, Deng X, Li Q, et al. Materials for interfaces in organic solar cells and photodetectors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020; 12: 3301-26. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b19830 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b19830
Gevaerts VS, Koster LJA, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ. Discriminating between bilayer and bulk heterojunction polymer: fullerene solar cells using the external quantum efficiency. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011; 3: 3252-5. https://doi.org/10.1021/am200755m DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/am200755m
Koster LJA, Smits ECP, Mihailetchi VD, Blom PWM. Device model for the operation of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. Phys Rev B. 2005; 72: 085205. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.085205 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.085205
Zhang J, Tan HS, Guo X, Facchetti A, Yan H. Material insights and challenges for non-fullerene organic solar cells based on small molecular acceptors. Nat Energy. 2018; 3: 720-31. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0181-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0181-5
Zhang S, Yang X, Numata Y, Han L. Highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells: progress and future challenges. Energy Environ Sci. 2013; 6: 1443-64. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee24453a DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee24453a
Moyez SA, Roy S. Thermal engineering of lead-free nanostructured CH3NH3SnCl3 perovskite material for thin-film solar cell. J Nanoparticle Res. 2018; 20: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-017-4108-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-017-4108-z
Roy S, Dey A, Das BC. Improved photoresponse in association with a synthesized dielectric material for quantum dots solar cells. Mater Sci Res Ind. 2019; 16: 230-4. https://doi.org/10.13005/msri/160305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13005/msri/160305
Dhar A, Kumar NS, Paul PK, Roy S, Vekariya RL. Influence of tagging thiophene bridge unit on optical and electrochemical properties of coumarin based dyes for DSSCs with theoretical insight. Org Electron. 2018; 53: 280-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.12.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.12.007
Kapil G, Bessho T, Sanehira Y, Sahamir SR, Chen M, Baranwal AK, et al. Tin-lead perovskite solar cells fabricated on hole selective monolayers. ACS Energy Lett. 2022; 7: 966-74. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c02718 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c02718
Nabil E, Hasanein AA, Alnoman RB, Zakaria M. Optimizing the cosensitization effect of SQ02 dye on BP-2 dye-sensitized solar cells: A computational quantum chemical study. J Chem Inf Model. 2021; 61: 5098-116. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00739 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00739
Sivaraj S, Rathanasamy R, Kaliyannan GV, Panchal H, Jawad Alrubaie A, Musa Jaber M, et al. A comprehensive review on current performance, challenges and progress in thin-film solar cells. Energies (Basel). 2022; 15(22): 8688. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15228688 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en15228688
Wehrenfennig C, Eperon GE, Johnston MB, Snaith HJ, Herz LM. High charge carrier mobilities and lifetimes in organolead trihalide perovskites. Adv Mater. 2014; 26: 1584-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201305172 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201305172
Chen Q, De Marco N, Yang Y (Michael), Song T-B, Chen C-C, Zhao H, et al. Under the spotlight: The organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskite for optoelectronic applications. Nano Today. 2015; 10: 355-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2015.04.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2015.04.009
Jesper Jacobsson T, Correa-Baena J-P, Pazoki M, Saliba M, Schenk K, Grätzel M, et al. Exploration of the compositional space for mixed lead halogen perovskites for high efficiency solar cells. Energy Environ Sci. 2016; 9: 1706-24. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE00030D DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE00030D
Xu S, Zhang L, Liu B, Liang Z, Xu H, Zhang H, et al. Constructing of superhydrophobic and intact crystal terminal: Interface sealing strategy for stable perovskite solar cells with efficiency over 23%. Chem Eng J. 2023; 453: 139808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.139808 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.139808
Asghar MI, Zhang J, Wang H, Lund PD. Device stability of perovskite solar cells – A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2017; 77: 131-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.003
Singh R, Parashar M. Origin of hysteresis in perovskite solar cells. Soft-Matter Thin Film Solar Cells, AIP Publishing LLCMelville, New York; 2020, p. 1-42. https://doi.org/10.1063/9780735422414_001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/9780735422414_001
Chen S, Dai X, Xu S, Jiao H, Zhao L, Huang J. Stabilizing perovskite-substrate interfaces for high-performance perovskite modules. Science. 2021; 373: 902-7. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi6323 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi6323
Rong Y, Hu Y, Mei A, Tan H, Saidaminov MI, Seok S Il, et al. Challenges for commercializing perovskite solar cells. Science. 2018; 361: eaat8235. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat8235 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat8235
Huang J, Wang K-X, Chang J-J, Jiang Y-Y, Xiao Q-S, Li Y. Improving the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells with dopamine-copolymerized PEDOT:PSS as a hole extraction layer. J Mater Chem A Mater. 2017; 5: 13817-22. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA02670F DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA02670F
Min H, Lee DY, Kim J, Kim G, Lee KS, Kim J, et al. Perovskite solar cells with atomically coherent interlayers on SnO2 electrodes. Nature. 2021; 598: 444-50. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03964-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03964-8
Li F, Wang C, Liu P, Xiao Y, Bai L, Qi F, et al. Fully air-processed carbon-based efficient hole conductor free planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with high reproducibility and stability. Solar RRL. 2019; 3: 1800297. https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201800297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201800297
Yang Y, Liu Z, Ng WK, Zhang L, Zhang H, Meng X, et al. An ultrathin ferroelectric perovskite oxide layer for high-performance hole transport material-free carbon-based halide perovskite solar cells. Adv Funct Mater. 2019; 29: 1806506. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201806506 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201806506
Zhou X, Zhang L, Hu H, Jiang Z, Wang D, Chen J, et al. Highly efficient and stable hole-transport-layer-free inverted perovskite solar cells achieved 22% efficiency through p-type molecular synergistic doping. Nano Energy. 2022; 104: 107988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107988 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107988
Liao J, Wu W, Jiang Y, Kuang D, Wang L. Maze-like halide perovskite films for efficient electron transport layer-free perovskite solar cells. Solar RRL. 2019; 3: 1800268. https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201800268 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201800268
Wu W, Liao J, Zhong J, Xu Y, Wang L, Huang J. Suppressing interfacial charge recombination in electron‐transport‐layer‐free perovskite solar cells to give an efficiency exceeding 21 %. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2020; 59: 20980-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202005680 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202005680
Jang CW, Shin DH, Choi S-H. Photostable electron-transport-layer-free flexible graphene quantum dots/perovskite solar cells by employing bathocuproine interlayer. J Alloys Compd. 2021; 886: 161355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161355 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161355
Dey A, Ye J, De A, Debroye E, Ha SK, Bladt E, et al. State of the art and prospects for halide perovskite nanocrystals. ACS Nano. 2021; 15: 10775-981. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c08903 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c08903
Wang C, Xiao C, Yu Y, Zhao D, Awni RA, Grice CR, et al. Understanding and eliminating hysteresis for highly efficient planar perovskite solar cells. Adv Energy Mater. 2017; 7: 1700414. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700414
Chen LX. Organic solar cells: Recent progress and challenges. ACS Energy Lett. 2019; 4: 2537-9. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b02071 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b02071
Cui Y, Yao H, Hong L, Zhang T, Tang Y, Lin B, et al. Organic photovoltaic cell with 17% efficiency and superior processability. Natl Sci Rev. 2019; 7: 1239-46. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz200 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz200
Cheng P, Zhan X. Stability of organic solar cells: challenges and strategies. Chem Soc Rev. 2016; 45: 2544-82. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CS00593K DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CS00593K
Lee ST, Gao ZQ, Hung LS. Metal diffusion from electrodes in organic light-emitting diodes. Appl Phys Lett. 1999; 75: 1404-6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.124708 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.124708
Deschler F, De Sio A, von Hauff E, Kutka P, Sauermann T, Egelhaaf H-J, et al. The effect of ageing on Exciton Dynamics, charge separation, and recombination in P3HT/PCBM photovoltaic blends. Adv Funct Mater. 2012; 22: 1461-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201101923 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201101923
Tessarolo M, Guerrero A, Gedefaw D, Bolognesi M, Prosa M, Xu X, et al. Predicting thermal stability of organic solar cells through an easy and fast capacitance measurement. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells. 2015; 141: 240-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.05.041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.05.041
Prosa M, Tessarolo M, Bolognesi M, Margeat O, Gedefaw D, Gaceur M, et al. Enhanced ultraviolet stability of air-processed polymer solar cells by al doping of the zno interlayer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016; 8: 1635-43. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b08255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b08255
Watson J, Santaloci TJ, Cheema H, Fortenberry RC, Delcamp JH. Full visible spectrum panchromatic triple donor dye for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Phys Chem C. 2020; 124: 25211-20. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c07003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c07003
Lee S-Y, Yoo S-M, Lee HJ. Adsorption and cation-exchange behavior of zinc sulfide on mesoporous tio2 film and its applications to solar cells. Langmuir. 2020; 36: 4144-52. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00095 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00095
Roy A, Ghosh A, Bhandari S, Selvaraj P, Sundaram S, Mallick TK. Color comfort evaluation of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) glazing after 2 years of ambient exposure. J Phys Chem C. 2019; 123: 23834-7. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05591 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05591
Pérez RL, Ayala CE, Warner IM. Group of uniform materials based on organic salts (GUMBOS): A review of their solid state properties and applications. In: Murshed SMS, Ed., Ionic Liquids - Thermophysical Properties and Applications. IntechOpen; 2021, p. 465. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96417 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96417
Wu X, Trinh MT, Niesner D, Zhu H, Norman Z, Owen JS, et al. Trap states in lead iodide perovskites. J Am Chem Soc. 2015; 137: 2089-96. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja512833n DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja512833n
Li D, Zhang D, Lim K, Hu Y, Rong Y, Mei A, et al. A review on scaling up perovskite solar cells. Adv Funct Mater. 2020; 31: 2008621. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202008621 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202008621
Liu S, Biju VP, Qi Y, Chen W, Liu Z. Recent progress in the development of high-efficiency inverted perovskite solar cells. NPG Asia Mater. 2023; 15: Article number: 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41427-023-00474-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41427-023-00474-z
Jung EH, Jeon NJ, Park EY, Moon CS, Shin TJ, Yang T-Y, et al. Efficient, stable and scalable perovskite solar cells using poly(3-hexylthiophene). Nature. 2019; 567: 511-5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1036-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1036-3
Brennan MC, Draguta S, Kamat P V, Kuno M. Light-induced anion phase segregation in mixed halide perovskites. ACS Energy Lett. 2017; 3: 204-13. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01151
Brennan MC, Draguta S, Kamat P V., Kuno M. Light-induced anion phase segregation in mixed halide perovskites. ACS Energy Lett. 2017; 3: 204-13. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01151 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01151
Li T, Mao K, Meng H, Zhu Z, Peng W, Yuan S, et al. Understanding the interfacial reactions and band alignment for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells built on metal substrates with reduced upscaling losses. Adv Mater. 2023; 35: 2211959. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202211959 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202211959
Mariotti N, Bonomo M, Fagiolari L, Barbero N, Gerbaldi C, Bella F, et al. Recent advances in eco-friendly and cost-effective materials towards sustainable dye-sensitized solar cells. Green Chem. 2020; 22: 7168-218. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC01148G DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC01148G
Zhu L, Zhang M, Xu J, Li C, Yan J, Zhou G, et al. Single-junction organic solar cells with over 19% efficiency enabled by a refined double-fibril network morphology. Nat Mater. 2022; 21: 656-63. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01244-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01244-y
Moser M, Wadsworth A, Gasparini N, McCulloch I. Challenges to the success of commercial organic photovoltaic products. Adv Energy Mater. 2021; 11: 2100056. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202100056 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202100056
Armin A, Li W, Sandberg OJ, Xiao Z, Ding L, Nelson J, et al. A history and perspective of non‐fullerene electron acceptors for organic solar cells. Adv Energy Mater. 2021; 11: 2003570. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202003570 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202003570
Barreiro-Argüelles D, Ramos-Ortiz G, Maldonado J-L, Pérez-Gutiérrez E, Romero-Borja D, Meneses-Nava M-A, et al. Stability study in organic solar cells based on PTB7:PC71BM and the scaling effect of the active layer. Solar Energy. 2018; 163: 510-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.090 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.090
Lee S, Kim Y, Kim D, Jeong D, Kim G-U, Kim J, et al. Electron transport layers based on Oligo(ethylene glycol)-incorporated polymers enabling reproducible fabrication of high-performance organic solar cells. Macromolecules. 2021; 54: 7102-12. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01215 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01215
Camaioni N, Carbonera C, Ciammaruchi L, Corso G, Mwaura J, Po R, et al. Polymer solar cells with active layer thickness compatible with Scalable Fabrication Processes: A meta‐analysis. Adv Mater. 2023; 35: 2210146. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202210146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202210146
Datt R, Bishnoi S, Lee HKH, Arya S, Gupta S, Gupta V, et al. Down‐conversion materials for organic solar cells: Progress, challenges, and perspectives. Aggregate. 2022; 3: e185. https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.185 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.73
Reese MO, Gevorgyan SA, Jørgensen M, Bundgaard E, Kurtz SR, Ginley DS, et al. Consensus stability testing protocols for organic photovoltaic materials and devices. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells. 2011; 95: 1253-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2011.01.036 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2011.01.036
Ren Y, Zhang D, Suo J, Cao Y, Eickemeyer FT, Vlachopoulos N, et al. Hydroxamic acid pre-adsorption raises the efficiency of cosensitized solar cells. Nature. 2022; 613: 60-5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05460-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05460-z
Haque SA, Palomares E, Cho BM, Green ANM, Hirata N, Klug DR, et al. Charge separation versus recombination in dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells: the minimization of kinetic redundancy. J Am Chem Soc. 2005; 127: 3456-62. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0460357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0460357
Sharma K, Sharma V, Sharma SS. Dye-sensitized solar cells: Fundamentals and current status. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2018; 13: 2760-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-018-2760-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-018-2760-6
Iftikhar H, Sonai GG, Hashmi SG, Nogueira AF, Lund PD. Progress on electrolytes development in dye-sensitized solar cells. Materials. 2019; 12: 1998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121998 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121998
Liu Y, Balsamo D, Degenaar P. Developing clinical grade flexible implantable electronics. Flex Print Electron. 2023; 8: 013002. https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/aca779 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/aca779
Nie Q, Tang A, Guo Q, Zhou E. Benzothiadiazole-based non-fullerene acceptors. Nano Energy. 2021; 87: 106174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106174 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106174
Ilmi R, Haque A, Khan MS. High efficiency small molecule-based donor materials for organic solar cells. Org Electron. 2018; 58: 53-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2018.03.048 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2018.03.048
Zhou R, Jiang Z, Yang C, Yu J, Feng J, Adil MA, et al. All-small-molecule organic solar cells with over 14% efficiency by optimizing hierarchical morphologies. Nat Commun. 2019; 10: Article number: 5393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13292-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13292-1
Ma X, Mi Y, Zhang F, An Q, Zhang M, Hu Z, et al. Efficient ternary polymer solar cells with two well-compatible donors and one Ultranarrow bandgap nonfullerene acceptor. Adv Energy Mater. 2018; 8: 1702854. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702854 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702854
Ren M, Zhang G, Chen Z, Xiao J, Jiao X, Zou Y, et al. High-performance ternary organic solar cells with controllable morphology via sequential layer-by-layer deposition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020; 12: 13077-86. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b23011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b23011
Giannouli M. Current status of emerging PV technologies: A comparative study of dye-sensitized, organic, and perovskite solar cells. Int J Photoenergy. 2021; 2021: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6692858 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6692858
Cui Y, Yao H, Zhang T, Hong L, Gao B, Xian K, et al. 1 cm2 organic photovoltaic cells for indoor application with over 20% efficiency. Adv Mater. 2019; 31: 1904512. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201904512 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201904512
Orona-Navar A, Aguilar-Hernández I, Nigam KDP, Cerdán-Pasarán A, Ornelas-Soto N. Alternative sources of natural pigments for dye-sensitized solar cells: Algae, cyanobacteria, bacteria, archaea and fungi. J Biotechnol. 2021; 332: 29-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.03.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.03.013
Fang H, Ma J, Wilhelm MJ, DeLacy BG, Dai H. Influence of solvent on dye‐sensitized solar cell efficiency: What is so special about acetonitrile? Part Part Sys Charact. 2021; 38: 2000220. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202000220 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202000220
Zhao Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Adair K, Zhao F, Sun Y, et al. Atomic/molecular layer deposition for energy storage and conversion. Chem Soc Rev. 2021; 50: 3889-956. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS00156B DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS00156B
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Arko De, Jyoti Bhattcharjee, Sahana R. Chowdhury, Subhasis Roy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All the published articles are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
