Research on the Characteristics of Fire Detection and Alarm Devices Based on the Thermoacoustic Effect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-5826.2025.12.4Keywords:
Heat transfer, Sound pressure, Numerical simulation, Thermoacoustic effect, Fire detection and alarmAbstract
The thermoacoustic effect can convert heat in a fire into sound energy, which has considerable application prospects in fire detection. A fire detection and alarm device based on thermoacoustic effect has been developed for building fire prevention. The main content of thermoacoustic effect is briefly introduced, and the application of thermoacoustic devices in fire detection is explained. A fire detection and alarm device based on thermoacoustic effect has been established. The total length of the entire device is 330 mm, with a uniform inner diameter of 40 mm. Finite element numerical simulation software is used to calculate and analyze detection and alarm devices. The characteristics of sound pressure level changing with the temperature difference of the heat exchanger were analyzed, and then the experimental, theoretical, and simulated sound response frequency values were calculated. Numerical simulations demonstrate the nonlinear multi field coupling characteristics in the process of thermoacoustic conversion. The established device begins to produce sound under the condition of a temperature difference of 194 ℃ in the heat exchanger, with a sound pressure level of 120 dB. Numerical simulation can better reflect the sound pressure level and frequency characteristics of the device. The distribution characteristics of flow and temperature can effectively demonstrate nonlinear dissipation properties. Thermoacoustic conversion exhibits characteristics of compression and heat transfer at a small scale. Thermoacoustic devices can convert the heat in a fire into acoustic alarm signals, and have great potential for application in the field of fire alarm in the future. This study provides new ideas for the construction of new fire alarm devices and important theoretical basis for the research of thermoacoustic alarm devices.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Xueqiang Shi, Xuhui Ren, Biao Shi, Bin Chi, Kaishu Huang, Wenhai Li, Yutao Zhang, Yali Li, Mucong Deng, Weiguo Cao, Hongzhen Duan
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